diff --git a/erpnext/accounts/doctype/accounts_settings/accounts_settings.json b/erpnext/accounts/doctype/accounts_settings/accounts_settings.json
index fd052d0..b10924f 100644
--- a/erpnext/accounts/doctype/accounts_settings/accounts_settings.json
+++ b/erpnext/accounts/doctype/accounts_settings/accounts_settings.json
@@ -462,7 +462,7 @@
  "index_web_pages_for_search": 1,
  "issingle": 1,
  "links": [],
- "modified": "2023-11-20 09:37:47.650347",
+ "modified": "2024-01-22 12:10:10.151819",
  "modified_by": "Administrator",
  "module": "Accounts",
  "name": "Accounts Settings",
diff --git a/erpnext/accounts/doctype/pos_invoice/test_pos_invoice.py b/erpnext/accounts/doctype/pos_invoice/test_pos_invoice.py
index 200b82a..8fab290 100644
--- a/erpnext/accounts/doctype/pos_invoice/test_pos_invoice.py
+++ b/erpnext/accounts/doctype/pos_invoice/test_pos_invoice.py
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
 
 		inv.save()
 
-		self.assertEqual(inv.net_total, 4298.25)
+		self.assertEqual(inv.net_total, 4298.24)
 		self.assertEqual(inv.grand_total, 4900.00)
 
 	def test_tax_calculation_with_multiple_items(self):
diff --git a/erpnext/accounts/doctype/pos_invoice_merge_log/test_pos_invoice_merge_log.py b/erpnext/accounts/doctype/pos_invoice_merge_log/test_pos_invoice_merge_log.py
index 6af8a00..0ad9131 100644
--- a/erpnext/accounts/doctype/pos_invoice_merge_log/test_pos_invoice_merge_log.py
+++ b/erpnext/accounts/doctype/pos_invoice_merge_log/test_pos_invoice_merge_log.py
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@
 			inv.load_from_db()
 			consolidated_invoice = frappe.get_doc("Sales Invoice", inv.consolidated_invoice)
 			self.assertEqual(consolidated_invoice.status, "Return")
-			self.assertEqual(consolidated_invoice.rounding_adjustment, -0.001)
+			self.assertEqual(consolidated_invoice.rounding_adjustment, -0.002)
 
 		finally:
 			frappe.set_user("Administrator")
diff --git a/erpnext/accounts/doctype/sales_invoice/test_sales_invoice.py b/erpnext/accounts/doctype/sales_invoice/test_sales_invoice.py
index cb4b2fc..672fec2 100644
--- a/erpnext/accounts/doctype/sales_invoice/test_sales_invoice.py
+++ b/erpnext/accounts/doctype/sales_invoice/test_sales_invoice.py
@@ -323,7 +323,8 @@
 		si.insert()
 
 		# with inclusive tax
-		self.assertEqual(si.items[0].net_amount, 3947.368421052631)
+		self.assertEqual(si.items[0].net_amount, 3947.37)
+		self.assertEqual(si.net_total, si.base_net_total)
 		self.assertEqual(si.net_total, 3947.37)
 		self.assertEqual(si.grand_total, 5000)
 
@@ -667,7 +668,7 @@
 				62.5,
 				625.0,
 				50,
-				499.97600115194473,
+				499.98,
 			],
 			"_Test Item Home Desktop 200": [
 				190.66,
@@ -678,7 +679,7 @@
 				190.66,
 				953.3,
 				150,
-				749.9968530500239,
+				750,
 			],
 		}
 
@@ -691,20 +692,21 @@
 				self.assertEqual(d.get(k), expected_values[d.item_code][i])
 
 		# check net total
-		self.assertEqual(si.net_total, 1249.97)
+		self.assertEqual(si.base_net_total, si.net_total)
+		self.assertEqual(si.net_total, 1249.98)
 		self.assertEqual(si.total, 1578.3)
 
 		# check tax calculation
 		expected_values = {
 			"keys": ["tax_amount", "total"],
-			"_Test Account Excise Duty - _TC": [140, 1389.97],
-			"_Test Account Education Cess - _TC": [2.8, 1392.77],
-			"_Test Account S&H Education Cess - _TC": [1.4, 1394.17],
-			"_Test Account CST - _TC": [27.88, 1422.05],
-			"_Test Account VAT - _TC": [156.25, 1578.30],
-			"_Test Account Customs Duty - _TC": [125, 1703.30],
-			"_Test Account Shipping Charges - _TC": [100, 1803.30],
-			"_Test Account Discount - _TC": [-180.33, 1622.97],
+			"_Test Account Excise Duty - _TC": [140, 1389.98],
+			"_Test Account Education Cess - _TC": [2.8, 1392.78],
+			"_Test Account S&H Education Cess - _TC": [1.4, 1394.18],
+			"_Test Account CST - _TC": [27.88, 1422.06],
+			"_Test Account VAT - _TC": [156.25, 1578.31],
+			"_Test Account Customs Duty - _TC": [125, 1703.31],
+			"_Test Account Shipping Charges - _TC": [100, 1803.31],
+			"_Test Account Discount - _TC": [-180.33, 1622.98],
 		}
 
 		for d in si.get("taxes"):
@@ -740,7 +742,7 @@
 				"base_rate": 2500,
 				"base_amount": 25000,
 				"net_rate": 40,
-				"net_amount": 399.9808009215558,
+				"net_amount": 399.98,
 				"base_net_rate": 2000,
 				"base_net_amount": 19999,
 			},
@@ -754,7 +756,7 @@
 				"base_rate": 7500,
 				"base_amount": 37500,
 				"net_rate": 118.01,
-				"net_amount": 590.0531205155963,
+				"net_amount": 590.05,
 				"base_net_rate": 5900.5,
 				"base_net_amount": 29502.5,
 			},
@@ -792,8 +794,13 @@
 
 		self.assertEqual(si.base_grand_total, 60795)
 		self.assertEqual(si.grand_total, 1215.90)
-		self.assertEqual(si.rounding_adjustment, 0.01)
-		self.assertEqual(si.base_rounding_adjustment, 0.50)
+		# no rounding adjustment as the Smallest Currency Fraction Value of USD is 0.01
+		if frappe.db.get_value("Currency", "USD", "smallest_currency_fraction_value") < 0.01:
+			self.assertEqual(si.rounding_adjustment, 0.10)
+			self.assertEqual(si.base_rounding_adjustment, 5.0)
+		else:
+			self.assertEqual(si.rounding_adjustment, 0.0)
+			self.assertEqual(si.base_rounding_adjustment, 0.0)
 
 	def test_outstanding(self):
 		w = self.make()
@@ -2082,7 +2089,7 @@
 
 	def test_rounding_adjustment_2(self):
 		si = create_sales_invoice(rate=400, do_not_save=True)
-		for rate in [400, 600, 100]:
+		for rate in [400.25, 600.30, 100.65]:
 			si.append(
 				"items",
 				{
@@ -2108,17 +2115,18 @@
 			)
 		si.save()
 		si.submit()
-		self.assertEqual(si.net_total, 1271.19)
-		self.assertEqual(si.grand_total, 1500)
-		self.assertEqual(si.total_taxes_and_charges, 228.82)
-		self.assertEqual(si.rounding_adjustment, -0.01)
+		self.assertEqual(si.net_total, si.base_net_total)
+		self.assertEqual(si.net_total, 1272.20)
+		self.assertEqual(si.grand_total, 1501.20)
+		self.assertEqual(si.total_taxes_and_charges, 229)
+		self.assertEqual(si.rounding_adjustment, -0.20)
 
 		expected_values = [
-			["_Test Account Service Tax - _TC", 0.0, 114.41],
-			["_Test Account VAT - _TC", 0.0, 114.41],
-			[si.debit_to, 1500, 0.0],
-			["Round Off - _TC", 0.01, 0.01],
-			["Sales - _TC", 0.0, 1271.18],
+			["_Test Account Service Tax - _TC", 0.0, 114.50],
+			["_Test Account VAT - _TC", 0.0, 114.50],
+			[si.debit_to, 1501, 0.0],
+			["Round Off - _TC", 0.20, 0.0],
+			["Sales - _TC", 0.0, 1272.20],
 		]
 
 		gl_entries = frappe.db.sql(
@@ -2176,7 +2184,8 @@
 
 		si.save()
 		si.submit()
-		self.assertEqual(si.net_total, 4007.16)
+		self.assertEqual(si.net_total, si.base_net_total)
+		self.assertEqual(si.net_total, 4007.15)
 		self.assertEqual(si.grand_total, 4488.02)
 		self.assertEqual(si.total_taxes_and_charges, 480.86)
 		self.assertEqual(si.rounding_adjustment, -0.02)
@@ -2188,7 +2197,7 @@
 				["_Test Account Service Tax - _TC", 0.0, 240.43],
 				["_Test Account VAT - _TC", 0.0, 240.43],
 				["Sales - _TC", 0.0, 4007.15],
-				["Round Off - _TC", 0.02, 0.01],
+				["Round Off - _TC", 0.01, 0.0],
 			]
 		)
 
diff --git a/erpnext/controllers/taxes_and_totals.py b/erpnext/controllers/taxes_and_totals.py
index f9f68a1..8cb1a0e 100644
--- a/erpnext/controllers/taxes_and_totals.py
+++ b/erpnext/controllers/taxes_and_totals.py
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 from frappe import _, scrub
 from frappe.model.document import Document
 from frappe.utils import cint, flt, round_based_on_smallest_currency_fraction
+from frappe.utils.deprecations import deprecated
 
 import erpnext
 from erpnext.accounts.doctype.journal_entry.journal_entry import get_exchange_rate
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@
 		self.calculate_net_total()
 		self.calculate_tax_withholding_net_total()
 		self.calculate_taxes()
-		self.manipulate_grand_total_for_inclusive_tax()
+		self.adjust_grand_total_for_inclusive_tax()
 		self.calculate_totals()
 		self._cleanup()
 		self.calculate_total_net_weight()
@@ -279,7 +280,7 @@
 			):
 				amount = flt(item.amount) - total_inclusive_tax_amount_per_qty
 
-				item.net_amount = flt(amount / (1 + cumulated_tax_fraction))
+				item.net_amount = flt(amount / (1 + cumulated_tax_fraction), item.precision("net_amount"))
 				item.net_rate = flt(item.net_amount / item.qty, item.precision("net_rate"))
 				item.discount_percentage = flt(item.discount_percentage, item.precision("discount_percentage"))
 
@@ -516,7 +517,12 @@
 			tax.base_tax_amount = round(tax.base_tax_amount, 0)
 			tax.base_tax_amount_after_discount_amount = round(tax.base_tax_amount_after_discount_amount, 0)
 
+	@deprecated
 	def manipulate_grand_total_for_inclusive_tax(self):
+		# for backward compatablility - if in case used by an external application
+		return self.adjust_grand_total_for_inclusive_tax()
+
+	def adjust_grand_total_for_inclusive_tax(self):
 		# if fully inclusive taxes and diff
 		if self.doc.get("taxes") and any(cint(t.included_in_print_rate) for t in self.doc.get("taxes")):
 			last_tax = self.doc.get("taxes")[-1]
@@ -538,17 +544,21 @@
 			diff = flt(diff, self.doc.precision("rounding_adjustment"))
 
 			if diff and abs(diff) <= (5.0 / 10 ** last_tax.precision("tax_amount")):
-				self.doc.rounding_adjustment = diff
+				self.doc.grand_total_diff = diff
+			else:
+				self.doc.grand_total_diff = 0
 
 	def calculate_totals(self):
 		if self.doc.get("taxes"):
-			self.doc.grand_total = flt(self.doc.get("taxes")[-1].total) + flt(self.doc.rounding_adjustment)
+			self.doc.grand_total = flt(self.doc.get("taxes")[-1].total) + flt(
+				self.doc.get("grand_total_diff")
+			)
 		else:
 			self.doc.grand_total = flt(self.doc.net_total)
 
 		if self.doc.get("taxes"):
 			self.doc.total_taxes_and_charges = flt(
-				self.doc.grand_total - self.doc.net_total - flt(self.doc.rounding_adjustment),
+				self.doc.grand_total - self.doc.net_total - flt(self.doc.get("grand_total_diff")),
 				self.doc.precision("total_taxes_and_charges"),
 			)
 		else:
@@ -613,8 +623,8 @@
 				self.doc.grand_total, self.doc.currency, self.doc.precision("rounded_total")
 			)
 
-			# if print_in_rate is set, we would have already calculated rounding adjustment
-			self.doc.rounding_adjustment += flt(
+			# rounding adjustment should always be the difference vetween grand and rounded total
+			self.doc.rounding_adjustment = flt(
 				self.doc.rounded_total - self.doc.grand_total, self.doc.precision("rounding_adjustment")
 			)
 
@@ -832,7 +842,6 @@
 				self.calculate_paid_amount()
 
 	def calculate_paid_amount(self):
-
 		paid_amount = base_paid_amount = 0.0
 
 		if self.doc.is_pos:
diff --git a/erpnext/public/js/controllers/accounts.js b/erpnext/public/js/controllers/accounts.js
index 7879173..f0d8cbb 100644
--- a/erpnext/public/js/controllers/accounts.js
+++ b/erpnext/public/js/controllers/accounts.js
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@
 				let tax = frappe.get_doc(cdt, cdn);
 				try {
 					me.validate_taxes_and_charges(cdt, cdn);
-					me.validate_inclusive_tax(tax);
+					me.validate_inclusive_tax(tax, frm);
 				} catch(e) {
 					tax.included_in_print_rate = 0;
 					refresh_field("included_in_print_rate", tax.name, tax.parentfield);
@@ -170,7 +170,8 @@
 		});
 	},
 
-	validate_inclusive_tax: function(tax) {
+	validate_inclusive_tax: function(tax, frm) {
+		this.frm = this.frm || frm;
 		let actual_type_error = function() {
 			var msg = __("Actual type tax cannot be included in Item rate in row {0}", [tax.idx])
 			frappe.throw(msg);
@@ -186,12 +187,12 @@
 			if(tax.charge_type == "Actual") {
 				// inclusive tax cannot be of type Actual
 				actual_type_error();
-			} else if(tax.charge_type == "On Previous Row Amount" &&
+			} else if (tax.charge_type == "On Previous Row Amount" && this.frm &&
 				!cint(this.frm.doc["taxes"][tax.row_id - 1].included_in_print_rate)
 			) {
 				// referred row should also be an inclusive tax
 				on_previous_row_error(tax.row_id);
-			} else if(tax.charge_type == "On Previous Row Total") {
+			} else if (tax.charge_type == "On Previous Row Total" && this.frm) {
 				var taxes_not_included = $.map(this.frm.doc["taxes"].slice(0, tax.row_id),
 					function(t) { return cint(t.included_in_print_rate) ? null : t; });
 				if(taxes_not_included.length > 0) {
diff --git a/erpnext/public/js/controllers/taxes_and_totals.js b/erpnext/public/js/controllers/taxes_and_totals.js
index d24c4e6..bd5a136 100644
--- a/erpnext/public/js/controllers/taxes_and_totals.js
+++ b/erpnext/public/js/controllers/taxes_and_totals.js
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 		this.determine_exclusive_rate();
 		this.calculate_net_total();
 		this.calculate_taxes();
-		this.manipulate_grand_total_for_inclusive_tax();
+		this.adjust_grand_total_for_inclusive_tax();
 		this.calculate_totals();
 		this._cleanup();
 	}
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
 
 			if (!this.discount_amount_applied) {
 				erpnext.accounts.taxes.validate_taxes_and_charges(tax.doctype, tax.name);
-				erpnext.accounts.taxes.validate_inclusive_tax(tax);
+				erpnext.accounts.taxes.validate_inclusive_tax(tax, this.frm);
 			}
 			frappe.model.round_floats_in(tax);
 		});
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@
 
 			if(!me.discount_amount_applied && item.qty && (total_inclusive_tax_amount_per_qty || cumulated_tax_fraction)) {
 				var amount = flt(item.amount) - total_inclusive_tax_amount_per_qty;
-				item.net_amount = flt(amount / (1 + cumulated_tax_fraction));
+				item.net_amount = flt(amount / (1 + cumulated_tax_fraction), precision("net_amount", item));
 				item.net_rate = item.qty ? flt(item.net_amount / item.qty, precision("net_rate", item)) : 0;
 
 				me.set_in_company_currency(item, ["net_rate", "net_amount"]);
@@ -303,6 +303,8 @@
 			me.frm.doc.net_total += item.net_amount;
 			me.frm.doc.base_net_total += item.base_net_amount;
 		});
+
+		frappe.model.round_floats_in(this.frm.doc, ["total", "base_total", "net_total", "base_net_total"]);
 	}
 
 	calculate_shipping_charges() {
@@ -521,8 +523,17 @@
 		}
 	}
 
+	/**
+	* @deprecated Use adjust_grand_total_for_inclusive_tax instead.
+	*/
 	manipulate_grand_total_for_inclusive_tax() {
+		// for backward compatablility - if in case used by an external application
+		this.adjust_grand_total_for_inclusive_tax()
+	}
+
+	adjust_grand_total_for_inclusive_tax() {
 		var me = this;
+
 		// if fully inclusive taxes and diff
 		if (this.frm.doc["taxes"] && this.frm.doc["taxes"].length) {
 			var any_inclusive_tax = false;
@@ -548,7 +559,9 @@
 				diff = flt(diff, precision("rounding_adjustment"));
 
 				if ( diff && Math.abs(diff) <= (5.0 / Math.pow(10, precision("tax_amount", last_tax))) ) {
-					me.frm.doc.rounding_adjustment = diff;
+					me.frm.doc.grand_total_diff = diff;
+				} else {
+					me.frm.doc.grand_total_diff = 0;
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -559,7 +572,7 @@
 		var me = this;
 		var tax_count = this.frm.doc["taxes"] ? this.frm.doc["taxes"].length : 0;
 		this.frm.doc.grand_total = flt(tax_count
-			? this.frm.doc["taxes"][tax_count - 1].total + flt(this.frm.doc.rounding_adjustment)
+			? this.frm.doc["taxes"][tax_count - 1].total + flt(this.frm.doc.grand_total_diff)
 			: this.frm.doc.net_total);
 
 		if(in_list(["Quotation", "Sales Order", "Delivery Note", "Sales Invoice", "POS Invoice"], this.frm.doc.doctype)) {
@@ -619,7 +632,7 @@
 		if(frappe.meta.get_docfield(this.frm.doc.doctype, "rounded_total", this.frm.doc.name)) {
 			this.frm.doc.rounded_total = round_based_on_smallest_currency_fraction(this.frm.doc.grand_total,
 				this.frm.doc.currency, precision("rounded_total"));
-			this.frm.doc.rounding_adjustment += flt(this.frm.doc.rounded_total - this.frm.doc.grand_total,
+			this.frm.doc.rounding_adjustment = flt(this.frm.doc.rounded_total - this.frm.doc.grand_total,
 				precision("rounding_adjustment"));
 
 			this.set_in_company_currency(this.frm.doc, ["rounding_adjustment", "rounded_total"]);
@@ -687,8 +700,7 @@
 			if (total_for_discount_amount) {
 				$.each(this.frm._items || [], function(i, item) {
 					distributed_amount = flt(me.frm.doc.discount_amount) * item.net_amount / total_for_discount_amount;
-					item.net_amount = flt(item.net_amount - distributed_amount,
-						precision("base_amount", item));
+					item.net_amount = flt(item.net_amount - distributed_amount, precision("net_amount", item));
 					net_total += item.net_amount;
 
 					// discount amount rounding loss adjustment if no taxes