fix: order and time of operations for multilevel bom

- Order of operations was being sorted by idx of individual operations in
BOM table, which made the ordering useless.
- This adds ordering that's sorted from lowest level item to top level
item.
- chore: remove dead functionality. There's no `items` table. Required
  item level operations get overwritten on fetching of items /
  operations e.g. when clicking on multi-level BOM checkbox.
- test: add test for tree representation
- feat: BOMTree class to get complete representation of a tree
diff --git a/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/bom/bom.py b/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/bom/bom.py
index 3f109d9..9bb4028 100644
--- a/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/bom/bom.py
+++ b/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/bom/bom.py
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2015, Frappe Technologies Pvt. Ltd. and Contributors
 # License: GNU General Public License v3. See license.txt
 
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
+from typing import List
+from collections import deque
 import frappe, erpnext
 from frappe.utils import cint, cstr, flt, today
 from frappe import _
@@ -16,14 +17,85 @@
 
 import functools
 
-from six import string_types
-
 from operator import itemgetter
 
 form_grid_templates = {
 	"items": "templates/form_grid/item_grid.html"
 }
 
+
+class BOMTree:
+	"""Full tree representation of a BOM"""
+
+	# specifying the attributes to save resources
+	# ref: https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#slots
+	__slots__ = ["name", "child_items", "is_bom", "item_code", "exploded_qty", "qty"]
+
+	def __init__(self, name: str, is_bom: bool = True, exploded_qty: float = 1.0, qty: float = 1) -> None:
+		self.name = name  # name of node, BOM number if is_bom else item_code
+		self.child_items: List["BOMTree"] = []  # list of child items
+		self.is_bom = is_bom   # true if the node is a BOM and not a leaf item
+		self.item_code: str = None  # item_code associated with node
+		self.qty = qty  # required unit quantity to make one unit of parent item.
+		self.exploded_qty = exploded_qty  # total exploded qty required for making root of tree.
+		if not self.is_bom:
+			self.item_code = self.name
+		else:
+			self.__create_tree()
+
+	def __create_tree(self):
+		bom = frappe.get_cached_doc("BOM", self.name)
+		self.item_code = bom.item
+
+		for item in bom.get("items", []):
+			qty = item.qty / bom.quantity  # quantity per unit
+			exploded_qty = self.exploded_qty * qty
+			if item.bom_no:
+				child = BOMTree(item.bom_no, exploded_qty=exploded_qty, qty=qty)
+				self.child_items.append(child)
+			else:
+				self.child_items.append(
+					BOMTree(item.item_code, is_bom=False, exploded_qty=exploded_qty, qty=qty)
+				)
+
+	def level_order_traversal(self) -> List["BOMTree"]:
+		"""Get level order traversal of tree.
+		E.g. for following tree the traversal will return list of nodes in order from top to bottom.
+		BOM:
+			- SubAssy1
+				- item1
+				- item2
+			- SubAssy2
+				- item3
+			- item4
+
+		returns = [SubAssy1, item1, item2, SubAssy2, item3, item4]
+		"""
+		traversal = []
+		q = deque()
+		q.append(self)
+
+		while q:
+			node = q.popleft()
+
+			for child in node.child_items:
+				traversal.append(child)
+				q.append(child)
+
+		return traversal
+
+	def __str__(self) -> str:
+		return (
+			f"{self.item_code}{' - ' + self.name if self.is_bom else ''} qty(per unit): {self.qty}"
+			f" exploded_qty: {self.exploded_qty}"
+		)
+
+	def __repr__(self, level: int = 0) -> str:
+		rep = "┃  " * (level - 1) + "┣━ " * (level > 0) + str(self) + "\n"
+		for child in self.child_items:
+			rep += child.__repr__(level=level + 1)
+		return rep
+
 class BOM(WebsiteGenerator):
 	website = frappe._dict(
 		# page_title_field = "item_name",
@@ -152,7 +224,7 @@
 		if not args:
 			args = frappe.form_dict.get('args')
 
-		if isinstance(args, string_types):
+		if isinstance(args, str):
 			import json
 			args = json.loads(args)
 
@@ -600,6 +672,11 @@
 				if not d.batch_size or d.batch_size <= 0:
 					d.batch_size = 1
 
+	def get_tree_representation(self) -> BOMTree:
+		"""Get a complete tree representation preserving order of child items."""
+		return BOMTree(self.name)
+
+
 def get_bom_item_rate(args, bom_doc):
 	if bom_doc.rm_cost_as_per == 'Valuation Rate':
 		rate = get_valuation_rate(args) * (args.get("conversion_factor") or 1)
diff --git a/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/bom/test_bom.py b/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/bom/test_bom.py
index 1f443fb..57a5458 100644
--- a/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/bom/test_bom.py
+++ b/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/bom/test_bom.py
@@ -2,14 +2,13 @@
 # License: GNU General Public License v3. See license.txt
 
 
-from __future__ import unicode_literals
+from collections import deque
 import unittest
 import frappe
 from frappe.utils import cstr, flt
 from frappe.test_runner import make_test_records
 from erpnext.stock.doctype.stock_reconciliation.test_stock_reconciliation import create_stock_reconciliation
 from erpnext.manufacturing.doctype.bom_update_tool.bom_update_tool import update_cost
-from six import string_types
 from erpnext.stock.doctype.item.test_item import make_item
 from erpnext.buying.doctype.purchase_order.test_purchase_order import create_purchase_order
 from erpnext.tests.test_subcontracting import set_backflush_based_on
@@ -227,11 +226,88 @@
 		supplied_items = sorted([d.rm_item_code for d in po.supplied_items])
 		self.assertEqual(bom_items, supplied_items)
 
+	def test_bom_tree_representation(self):
+		bom_tree = {
+			"Assembly": {
+				"SubAssembly1": {"ChildPart1": {}, "ChildPart2": {},},
+				"SubAssembly2": {"ChildPart3": {}},
+				"SubAssembly3": {"SubSubAssy1": {"ChildPart4": {}}},
+				"ChildPart5": {},
+				"ChildPart6": {},
+				"SubAssembly4": {"SubSubAssy2": {"ChildPart7": {}}},
+			}
+		}
+		parent_bom = create_nested_bom(bom_tree, prefix="")
+		created_tree = parent_bom.get_tree_representation()
+
+		reqd_order = level_order_traversal(bom_tree)[1:] # skip first item
+		created_order = created_tree.level_order_traversal()
+
+		self.assertEqual(len(reqd_order), len(created_order))
+
+		for reqd_item, created_item in zip(reqd_order, created_order):
+			self.assertEqual(reqd_item, created_item.item_code)
+
+
 def get_default_bom(item_code="_Test FG Item 2"):
 	return frappe.db.get_value("BOM", {"item": item_code, "is_active": 1, "is_default": 1})
 
+
+
+
+def level_order_traversal(node):
+	traversal = []
+	q = deque()
+	q.append(node)
+
+	while q:
+		node = q.popleft()
+
+		for node_name, subtree in node.items():
+			traversal.append(node_name)
+			q.append(subtree)
+
+	return traversal
+
+def create_nested_bom(tree, prefix="_Test bom "):
+	""" Helper function to create a simple nested bom from tree describing item names. (along with required items)
+	"""
+
+	def create_items(bom_tree):
+		for item_code, subtree in bom_tree.items():
+			bom_item_code = prefix + item_code
+			if not frappe.db.exists("Item", bom_item_code):
+				frappe.get_doc(doctype="Item", item_code=bom_item_code, item_group="_Test Item Group").insert()
+			create_items(subtree)
+	create_items(tree)
+
+	def dfs(tree, node):
+		"""naive implementation for searching right subtree"""
+		for node_name, subtree in tree.items():
+			if node_name == node:
+				return subtree
+			else:
+				result = dfs(subtree, node)
+				if result is not None:
+					return result
+
+	order_of_creating_bom = reversed(level_order_traversal(tree))
+
+	for item in order_of_creating_bom:
+		child_items = dfs(tree, item)
+		if child_items:
+			bom_item_code = prefix + item
+			bom = frappe.get_doc(doctype="BOM", item=bom_item_code)
+			for child_item in child_items.keys():
+				bom.append("items", {"item_code": prefix + child_item})
+			bom.insert()
+			bom.submit()
+
+	return bom  # parent bom is last bom
+
+
 def reset_item_valuation_rate(item_code, warehouse_list=None, qty=None, rate=None):
-	if warehouse_list and isinstance(warehouse_list, string_types):
+	if warehouse_list and isinstance(warehouse_list, str):
 		warehouse_list = [warehouse_list]
 
 	if not warehouse_list:
diff --git a/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/work_order/work_order.py b/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/work_order/work_order.py
index 54f4b07..c06cf81 100644
--- a/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/work_order/work_order.py
+++ b/erpnext/manufacturing/doctype/work_order/work_order.py
@@ -389,46 +389,47 @@
 
 	def set_work_order_operations(self):
 		"""Fetch operations from BOM and set in 'Work Order'"""
-		self.set('operations', [])
 
+		def _get_operations(bom_no, qty=1):
+			return frappe.db.sql(
+					f"""select
+						operation, description, workstation, idx,
+						base_hour_rate as hour_rate, time_in_mins * {qty} as time_in_mins,
+						"Pending" as status, parent as bom, batch_size, sequence_id
+					from
+						`tabBOM Operation`
+					where
+						parent = %s order by idx
+					""", bom_no, as_dict=1)
+
+
+		self.set('operations', [])
 		if not self.bom_no:
 			return
 
-		if self.use_multi_level_bom:
-			bom_list = frappe.get_doc("BOM", self.bom_no).traverse_tree()
+		operations = []
+		if not self.use_multi_level_bom:
+			bom_qty = frappe.db.get_value("BOM", self.bom_no, "quantity")
+			operations.extend(_get_operations(self.bom_no, qty=1.0/bom_qty))
 		else:
-			bom_list = [self.bom_no]
+			bom_tree = frappe.get_doc("BOM", self.bom_no).get_tree_representation()
+			bom_traversal = list(reversed(bom_tree.level_order_traversal()))
+			bom_traversal.append(bom_tree) # add operation on top level item last
 
-		operations = frappe.db.sql("""
-			select
-				operation, description, workstation, idx,
-				base_hour_rate as hour_rate, time_in_mins,
-				"Pending" as status, parent as bom, batch_size, sequence_id
-			from
-				`tabBOM Operation`
-			where
-				 parent in (%s) order by idx
-		"""	% ", ".join(["%s"]*len(bom_list)), tuple(bom_list), as_dict=1)
+			for d in bom_traversal:
+				if d.is_bom:
+					operations.extend(_get_operations(d.name, qty=d.exploded_qty))
+
+			for correct_index, operation in enumerate(operations, start=1):
+				operation.idx = correct_index
+
 
 		self.set('operations', operations)
-
-		if self.use_multi_level_bom and self.get('operations') and self.get('items'):
-			raw_material_operations = [d.operation for d in self.get('items')]
-			operations = [d.operation for d in self.get('operations')]
-
-			for operation in raw_material_operations:
-				if operation not in operations:
-					self.append('operations', {
-						'operation': operation
-					})
-
 		self.calculate_time()
 
 	def calculate_time(self):
-		bom_qty = frappe.db.get_value("BOM", self.bom_no, "quantity")
-
 		for d in self.get("operations"):
-			d.time_in_mins = flt(d.time_in_mins) / flt(bom_qty) * (flt(self.qty) / flt(d.batch_size))
+			d.time_in_mins = flt(d.time_in_mins) * (flt(self.qty) / flt(d.batch_size))
 
 		self.calculate_operating_cost()