chore: Remove `image` from ProductQuery fields
diff --git a/erpnext/e_commerce/product_data_engine/query.py b/erpnext/e_commerce/product_data_engine/query.py
index 5a75382..e6a595a 100644
--- a/erpnext/e_commerce/product_data_engine/query.py
+++ b/erpnext/e_commerce/product_data_engine/query.py
@@ -35,7 +35,6 @@
 			"variant_of",
 			"has_variants",
 			"item_group",
-			"image",
 			"web_long_description",
 			"short_description",
 			"route",